DBMS > Apache Impala vs. H2 vs. HBase vs. SAP HANA vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. H2 vs. HBase vs. SAP HANA vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	44.27
Rank	#23	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.h2database.com

hbase.apache.org

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

hbase.apache.org/book.html

help.sap.com/hana

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Thomas Mueller

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

SAP

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2013

2005

2008

2010

2000

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

2.2.220, July 2023

2.3.4, January 2021

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Appliance or cloud-service

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Java

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Coprocessors in Java

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

yes

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