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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGridGain  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache IgniteMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used in-process key-value storeA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.55
Rank#150  Overall
#26  Key-value stores
#70  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.01
Rank#126  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.gridgain.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.gridgain.com/­docs/­index.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGridGain Systems, Inc.MicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20132007198919942019
Current release4.1.0, June 2022GridGain 8.5.1SQL Server 2022, November 202218.1.40, May 20201.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java, C++, .NetC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Clojure
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availablelimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanono
Triggersnoyes (cache interceptors and events)yesyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes (replicated cache)yes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replicationyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGridGainMicrosoft SQL ServerOracle Berkeley DBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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