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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GridGain vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GridGain vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGridGain  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache IgniteAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.55
Rank#150  Overall
#26  Key-value stores
#70  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#229  Overall
#32  Key-value stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.gridgain.comgithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.gridgain.com/­docs/­index.htmldocs.keydb.devlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGridGain Systems, Inc.EQ Alpha Technology Ltd.MicrosoftJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20132007201919892019
Current release4.1.0, June 2022GridGain 8.5.1SQL Server 2022, November 20221.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSD-3commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java, C++, .NetC++C++Clojure
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinux
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLnoyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)LuaTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnoyes (cache interceptors and events)noyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes (replicated cache)Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosSecurity Hooks for custom implementationssimple password-based access control and ACLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGridGainKeyDBMicrosoft SQL ServerXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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