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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GridDB vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GridDB vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGridDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big DataFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Spatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.91
Rank#123  Overall
#10  Time Series DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggriddb.netwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.griddb.netwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaToshiba CorporationThomas MuellerMicrosoft
Initial release2013201320052010
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.1, August 20222.2.220, July 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also availableOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infonumerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestampyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)yesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQL
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceConnector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containersImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID at container levelACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGridDBH2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading
29 July 2021, iProgrammer

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

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30 June 2022, SiliconANGLE News

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17 June 2020, global.toshiba

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