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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Greenplum vs. NuoDB vs. SurrealDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Greenplum vs. NuoDB vs. SurrealDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAnalytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score8.08
Rank#48  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggreenplum.orgwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasesurrealdb.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.greenplum.orgdoc.nuodb.comsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaPivotal Software Inc.Dassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.SurrealDB Ltd8Kdata
Initial release20132005201320222016
Current release4.1.0, June 20227.0.0, September 2023v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial infolimited edition freeOpen SourceOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++RustJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infosince Version 4.2nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
Java
Perl
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesJava, SQL
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGreenplumNuoDBSurrealDBToroDB
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