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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Graph Engine vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Graph Engine vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.graphengine.iowww.marklogic.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.marklogic.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftMarkLogic Corp.Microsoft
Initial release2013201020011989
Current release4.1.0, June 202211.0, December 2022SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++.NET and CC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux.NETLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infoSQL92yes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIJava API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes, with Range Indexesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMarkLogicMicrosoft SQL Server
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