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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool vs. SAP Adaptive Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool vs. SAP Adaptive Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.The SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Score36.31
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.postgresql.orgoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtoolwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.html
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­dochelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASE
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTobias OetikerSAP, Sybase
Initial release201320081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19991987
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.3, May 20241.8.0, 202216.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSScommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableC and C++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
in-process shared library
Pipes
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceusing Google App Engineuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noJava and Transact-SQL
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using PaxosSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud DatastorePostgreSQLRRDtoolSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE
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