DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Quasardb

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Quasardb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Distributed, high-performance timeseries database

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

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Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	0.62
Rank	#239	Overall
	#20	Time Series DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.14
Rank	#332	Overall
	#29	Time Series DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

github.com/kairosdb/kairosdb

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

quasar.ai

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

kairosdb.github.io

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

doc.quasar.ai/master

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Google

Microsoft

quasardb

Initial release

2013

2010

2013

1989

2009

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

1.2.2, November 2018

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.14.1, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Free community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

integer and binary

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

with tags

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

consistent hashing

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication with selectable replication factor

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using LevelDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Transient mode

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

simple password-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Cryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

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