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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. KairosDB vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. KairosDB vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesDistributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score60.38
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score0.62
Rank#239  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigquerygithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbmaxdb.sap.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docskairosdb.github.iomaxdb.sap.com/­documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997Microsoft
Initial release20132010201319841989
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.2.2, November 20187.9.10.12, February 2024SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition freecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesnoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGraphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions infoin JavaScriptnoyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnononoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infobased on Cassandranonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying datanoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)simple password-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle BigQueryKairosDBMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DMicrosoft SQL Server
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