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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesA fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score58.10
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#335  Overall
#31  Graph DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#367  Overall
#56  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigquerygithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docshugegraph.apache.org/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleBaiduMicrosoftByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20132010201819892016
Current release4.1.0, June 20220.9SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
macOS
Unix
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJava API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
Groovy
Java
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions infoin JavaScriptasynchronous Gremlin script jobsTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBasetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenovia hugegraph-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoedges in graphyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle BigQueryHugeGraphMicrosoft SQL ServerTerarkDB
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