DBMS > Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. GeoSpock vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. GeoSpock vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

GeoSpock seems to be discontinued. Therefore it will be excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A distributed reliable key-value store

Spatial and temporal data processing engine for extreme data scale

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

geospock.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

GeoSpock

Microsoft

8Kdata

Initial release

2013

1989

2016

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

3.4, August 2019

2.0, September 2019

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

C++

Java, Javascript

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

hosted

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

temporal, categorical

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

ANSI SQL for query only (using Presto)

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Automatic sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users can be defined per table

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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