DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GeoMesa vs. HBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GeoMesa vs. HBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.86
Rank	#205	Overall
	#4	Spatial DBMS

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.geomesa.org

hbase.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.geomesa.org/documentation/stable/user/index.html

hbase.apache.org/book.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

CCRi and others

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Microsoft

Initial release

2013

2014

2008

1989

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

5.0.0, May 2024

2.3.4, January 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

Scala

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Coprocessors in Java

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

depending on storage layer

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

depending on storage layer

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

depending on storage layer

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

depending on storage layer

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

depending on the DBMS used for storage

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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