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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. FoundationDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. Titan vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. FoundationDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. Titan vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score1.44
Rank#158  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.postgres-xl.orggithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titanwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikidocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaFoundationDBAurelius, owned by DataStaxVoltDB Inc.
Initial release201320132014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB20122010
Current release4.1.0, June 20226.2.28, November 202010 R1, October 201811.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++CJavaJava, C++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementssupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infodistributed, parallel query executionnoyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Python
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducein SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsyesJava
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioningyes infovia pluggable storage backendsSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlyyesyes infoRelationships in graphno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoMVCCACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
Apache ImpalaFoundationDBPostgres-XLTitanVoltDB
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