DBMS > Apache Impala vs. eXtremeDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. eXtremeDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Widely used in-process key-value store

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#223	Overall
	#103	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#117	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.mcobject.com

github.com/apple/foundationdb

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

apple.github.io/foundationdb

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

McObject

FoundationDB

Microsoft

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Initial release

2013

2001

2013

1989

1994

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

8.2, 2021

6.2.28, November 2020

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

18.1.40, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Server operating systems

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

some layers support schemas

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

support of XML interfaces available

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

in SQL-layer only

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

by defining events

yes

only for the SQL API

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning / sharding

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

in SQL-layer only

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
» more

Competitive advantages

eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
» more

Typical application scenarios

IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
» more

Key customers

Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more

Market metrics

With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.