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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.postgresql.orgrdf4j.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.postgresql.org/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release201320121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2004
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJava
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducelimited functionality with using 'rules'user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaFirebase Realtime DatabasePostgreSQLRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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