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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMSSearch engineTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Vector DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score1.94
Rank#129  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score5.59
Rank#63  Overall
#7  Search engines
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchjanusgraph.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.janusgraph.orglearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release20132010201720152017
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.6, January 20230.6.3, February 2023V12.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaJavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagenonoyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Python
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesyesnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)Sharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceES-Hadoop Connectoryes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics enginenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serveryes infousing Azure authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaElasticsearchJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanMicrosoft Azure AI SearchTimescaleDB
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