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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Hive vs. Spark SQL vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Hive vs. Spark SQL vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#367  Overall
#56  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchhive.apache.orgspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homespark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookApache Software FoundationByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20132010201220142016
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.6, January 20233.1.3, April 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaScalaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenono
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesselectable replication factornonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceES-Hadoop Connectoryes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonononono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and rolesnono

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Apache ImpalaElasticsearchHiveSpark SQLTerarkDB
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