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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Hive vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Hive vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchhive.apache.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homespark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookApache Software Foundation
Initial release2013201020122014
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.6, January 20233.1.3, April 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaScala
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceno
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesselectable replication factornone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceES-Hadoop Connectoryes infoquery execution via MapReduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and rolesno

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Apache ImpalaElasticsearchHiveSpark SQL
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