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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Greenplum vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Greenplum vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Scalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score128.79
Rank#8  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.97
Rank#92  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score7.71
Rank#46  Overall
#29  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­bigtablegreenplum.orgnsdb.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.greenplum.orgnsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticGooglePivotal Software Inc.
Initial release20132010201520052017
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.6, January 20237.0.0, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJava, Scala
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinuxLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, string
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infosince Version 4.2no
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagenoyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesnoyesno
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceES-Hadoop Connectoryesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoAtomic single-row operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesUsing Apache Lucene
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaElasticsearchGoogle Cloud BigtableGreenplumNSDb
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