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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. FoundationDB vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. FoundationDB vs. Solr

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbsolr.apache.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdbsolr.apache.org/­resources.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticFoundationDBApache Software Foundation
Initial release2013201020132006
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.6, January 20236.2.28, November 20209.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free infosome layers support schemasyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagesupported in specific SQL layer onlySolr Parallel SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesin SQL-layer onlyJava plugins
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceES-Hadoop Connectornospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoin SQL-layer onlyno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnoyes

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More resources
Apache ImpalaElasticsearchFoundationDBSolr
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