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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. EJDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. EJDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonEJDB  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopEmbeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#331  Overall
#46  Document stores
Score3.14
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#330  Overall
#45  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdbhsqldb.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlgithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdb/­blob/­master/­README.mdhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaSoftmotionsMicrosoftJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20132012200119892019
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.7.2, June 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20221.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoGPLv2Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJavaC++Clojure
Server operating systemsLinuxserver-lessAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, integer, double, bool, date, object_idyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
in-process shared libraryHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCActionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoJava, SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornonenoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infotypically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possibleyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoRead/Write Lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaEJDBHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft SQL ServerXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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