DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Oracle vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Oracle vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Cloud-based data warehousing service

Widely used RDBMS

RDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	1.37
Rank	#160	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	3.95
Rank	#80	Overall
	#42	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.datomic.com

www.ibm.com/products/db2/warehouse

www.oracle.com/database

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sql-anywhere.html

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.datomic.com

docs.oracle.com/en/database

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_SQL_Anywhere

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Cognitect

IBM

Oracle

SAP

formerly Sybase

Initial release

2013

2012

2014

1980

1992

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

1.0.7075, December 2023

23c, September 2023

17, July 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java, Clojure

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Clojure
Java

Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Transaction Functions

PL/SQL, SQL PL

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

yes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

Database mirroring

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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