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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. Drizzle vs. TimescaleDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. Drizzle vs. TimescaleDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDrizzle  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityMySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.datomic.comwww.timescale.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.datomic.comdocs.timescale.comwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCognitectDrizzle project, originally started by Brian AkerTimescaleJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20132012200820172019
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.0.6735, June 20237.2.4, September 20122.15.0, May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoGNU GPLOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java, ClojureC++CClojure
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxlimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCClojure
Java
C
C++
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoTransaction Functionsnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellno
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsno infohooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.yesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas infoyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoPluggable authentication mechanisms infoe.g. LDAP, HTTPfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDatomicDrizzleTimescaleDBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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