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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. TimescaleDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. TimescaleDB vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.datomic.comwww.timescale.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.datomic.comdocs.timescale.comwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCognitectTimescaleJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2013201220172019
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.0.6735, June 20232.15.0, May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
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Implementation languageC++Java, ClojureCClojure
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxlimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCClojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoTransaction Functionsuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellno
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas infoyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDatomicTimescaleDBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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