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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CrateDB vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CrateDB vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDistributed Database based on LuceneA Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017Microsofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#226  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#11  Vector DBMS
Score1.85
Rank#134  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcratedb.comjanusgraph.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcratedb.com/­docsdocs.janusgraph.orglearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCrateLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusMicrosoft
Initial release2013201320171989
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.8.1, August 20241.0.0, October 2023SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++JavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
Clojure
Java
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions (Javascript)yesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelyesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosrights management via user accountsUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serverfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCrateDBJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanMicrosoft SQL Server
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