DB-EnginesExtremeDB: mitigate connectivity issues in a DBMSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Cloud-based data warehousing serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.37
Rank#160  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2/­warehousewww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.postgresql.org/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerIBMPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2013200520141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 202316.3, May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++ErlangCClojure
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possibleyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptPL/SQL, SQL PLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Shardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesAiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
» more

Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
» more

Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
» more

Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
» more

SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
» more

pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
» more

Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
» more

Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
» more

CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"IBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBPostgreSQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
DB-Engines blog posts

Couchbase climbs up the DB-Engines Ranking, increasing its popularity by 10% every month
2 June 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud
28 November 2017, Datanami

Apache Doris just 'graduated': Why care about this SQL data warehouse
24 June 2022, InfoWorld

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

Updates & Upserts in Hadoop Ecosystem with Apache Kudu
27 October 2017, KDnuggets

provided by Google News

How to install the CouchDB NoSQL database on Debian Server 11
16 June 2022, TechRepublic

IBM Cloudant pulls plan to fund new foundational layer for CouchDB
15 March 2022, The Register

CouchDB 3.0 ends admin party era • DEVCLASS
27 February 2020, DevClass

Tracking Expenses with CouchDB and Angular — SitePoint
28 August 2014, SitePoint

Apache CouchDB: The Definitive Introduction
28 August 2014, InfoQ.com

provided by Google News

Announcing the deprecation of prior generation Db2 Warehouse plans on AWS
16 October 2023, IBM

Introducing the next generation of Db2 Warehouse: Our cost-effective, cloud-native data warehouse built for always-on ...
11 July 2023, IBM

Db2 Warehouse delivers 4x faster query performance than previously, while cutting storage costs by 34x
11 July 2023, IBM

Data mining in Db2 Warehouse: the basics
23 June 2020, Towards Data Science

Top 7 Cloud Data Warehouse Companies
31 May 2023, Datamation

provided by Google News

PostgreSQL is Now Faster than Pinecone, 75% Cheaper, with New Open Source Extensions
11 June 2024, PR Newswire

Timescale unveils high-performance AI vector database extensions for PostgreSQL
11 June 2024, SiliconANGLE News

A New Era AI Databases: PostgreSQL with pgvectorscale Outperforms Pinecone and Cuts Costs by 75% with New Open-Source Extensions
12 June 2024, MarkTechPost

PostgreSQL Tutorial: Definition, Commands, & Features
4 June 2024, Simplilearn

Raise the bar on AI-powered app development with Azure Database for PostgreSQL
5 June 2024, Microsoft

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Present your product here