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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDFox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orghsqldb.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oxfordsemantic.tech
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablehsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oxfordsemantic.tech
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMicrosoftOxford Semantic Technologies
Initial release20132005200119892017
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 20232.7.2, June 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20226.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++ErlangJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes infoRDF schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptJava, SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0nonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionreplication via a shared file system
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRoles, resources, and access types

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft SQL ServerRDFox
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