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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres vs. Google Cloud Spanner

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres vs. Google Cloud Spanner

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFujitsu Enterprise Postgres  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Enterprise-grade PostgreSQL-based DBMS with security enhancements such as Transparent Data Encryption and Data Masking, plus high-availability and performance improvement features.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.37
Rank#278  Overall
#128  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.postgresql.fastware.comcloud.google.com/­spanner
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.postgresql.fastware.com/­product-manualscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerPostgreSQL Global Development Group, Fujitsu Australia Software TechnologyGoogle
Initial release201320052017
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 2023Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres 14, January 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ErlangC
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptuser defined functionsno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0partitioning by range, list and by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Fujitsu Enterprise PostgresGoogle Cloud Spanner
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