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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonFujitsu Enterprise Postgres  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Enterprise-grade PostgreSQL-based DBMS with security enhancements such as Transparent Data Encryption and Data Masking, plus high-availability and performance improvement features.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.31
Rank#285  Overall
#129  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.postgresql.fastware.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablefirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.postgresql.fastware.com/­product-manualsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014PostgreSQL Global Development Group, Fujitsu Australia Software TechnologyOpenLink Software
Initial release2013200520121998
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 2023Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres 14, January 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ErlangCC
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptlimited functionality with using 'rules'user defined functionsyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersnoyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0partitioning by range, list and by hashyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleyesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Firebase Realtime DatabaseFujitsu Enterprise PostgresVirtuoso
Specific characteristics100% compatible with community PostgreSQL
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesBuilt-in TDE and Data Masking security. In-Memory Columnar Index, and a high speed...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosTransactional payments applications, reporting and mixed workloads.
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsOver 30 years experience in database technology. Over 20 years in Postgres development...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCore based licensing
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Firebase Realtime DatabaseFujitsu Enterprise PostgresVirtuoso
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