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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Dgraph vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Ignite

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Dgraph vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Ignite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Apache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMSDocument storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgdgraph.iofirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseignite.apache.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledgraph.io/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databaseapacheignite.readme.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerDgraph Labs, Inc.Google infoacquired by Google 2014Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20132005201620122015
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 2023Apache Ignite 2.6
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ErlangGoC++, Java, .Net
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnononoANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDL
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptnolimited functionality with using 'rules'yes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)
TriggersnoyesnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes (cache interceptors and events)
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0yesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Synchronous replication via Raftyes (replicated cache)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonoyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseno infoPlanned for future releasesyes, based on authentication and database rulesSecurity Hooks for custom implementations

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DgraphFirebase Realtime DatabaseIgnite
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