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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. Immudb vs. Newts vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. Immudb vs. Newts vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Time Series DBMS based on CassandraCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
opennms.github.io/­newtswww.vertica.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.immudb.iogithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikivertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCockroach LabsCodenotaryOpenNMS GroupOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20132015202020142005
Current release4.1.0, June 202223.1.1, May 20231.2.3, April 202212.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoGoJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-freeschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like syntaxnoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
HTTP REST
Java API
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenononoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnonononoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingSharding infobased on Cassandrahorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCockroachDBImmudbNewtsVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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Apache ImpalaCockroachDBImmudbNewtsVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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