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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. Hive vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. Hive vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score5.38
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comhive.apache.orgwww.singlestore.compingcap.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.singlestore.comdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCockroach LabsApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookSingleStore Inc.PingCAP, Inc.
Initial release20132015201220132016
Current release4.1.0, June 202224.1.0, May 20243.1.3, April 20228.5, January 20248.1.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilitiesTiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++GoJavaC++, GoGo, Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux info64 bit version requiredLinux
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesno
Triggersnonononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingSharding infohash partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and rolesFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCockroachDBHiveSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTiDB
Specific characteristicsSingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesSingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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Apache ImpalaCockroachDBHiveSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTiDB
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