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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. FileMaker vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. FileMaker vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonFileMaker  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.FileMaker is a cross-platform RDBMS that includes a GUI frontend.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score48.20
Rank#20  Overall
#14  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.claris.com/­filemakercloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.claris.com/­resources/­documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.singlestore.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCockroach LabsClaris infoa subsidiary of AppleGoogleSingleStore Inc.
Initial release20132015198320152013
Current release4.1.0, June 202224.1.0, May 202419.4.1, November 20218.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialcommercialcommercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageC++GoC++, Go
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
iOS infoclient part only
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux info64 bit version required
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoA http query request can return the data in XML formatnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyes infovia pluginsnoyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCFilemaker WebDirect
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
PHPC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyesnoyes
Triggersnonoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnoneShardingSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replication, warm standby infosince Version 14Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyesno infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoAtomic single-row operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlsimple rights management via user accounts and connection to external directory servicesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCockroachDBFileMakerGoogle Cloud BigtableSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
Specific characteristicsSingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
Competitive advantagesSingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCockroachDBFileMakerGoogle Cloud BigtableSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
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