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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCloudflare Workers KV  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.39
Rank#274  Overall
#39  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score130.36
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.cloudflare.com/­developer-platform/­workers-kvwww.postgresql.orgwww.snowflake.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldevelopers.cloudflare.com/­kv/­apiwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCloudflarePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSnowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release201320181989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions
Triggersnonoyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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More resources
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