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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Access

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Access

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.08
Rank#366  Overall
#39  Time Series DBMS
Score101.16
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.hawkular.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­access
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­access
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Community supported by Red HatMicrosoft
Initial release20132010201220141992
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20181902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoBundled with Microsoft Office
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLs
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnonoyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standard
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP RESTADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.limited functionality with using 'rules'noyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engine
TriggersnoyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engine
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infobased on Cassandranone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandranone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDyesnoACID infobut no files for transaction logging
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infobut no files for transaction logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rulesnono infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusFirebase Realtime DatabaseHawkular MetricsMicrosoft Access
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