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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Greenplum vs. Hazelcast

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Greenplum vs. Hazelcast

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.A widely adopted in-memory data grid
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score8.37
Rank#48  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasegreenplum.orghazelcast.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.greenplum.orghazelcast.org/­imdg/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Pivotal Software Inc.Hazelcast
Initial release20132010201220052008
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20187.0.0, September 20235.3.6, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxhostedLinuxAll OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes infosince Version 4.2yes infothe object must implement a serialization strategy
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.limited functionality with using 'rules'yesyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Services
TriggersnoyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyes infoEvents
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationyes infoReplicated Map
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus Algorithm
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDyesACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusFirebase Realtime DatabaseGreenplumHazelcast
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