DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Access vs. RDF4J vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Access vs. RDF4J vs. Tarantool

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Name

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries.

The Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

Primary database model

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Document store

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	98.94
Rank	#11	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	10.63
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	93.76
Rank	#12	Overall
	#8	Relational DBMS

Score	0.72
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	1.63
Rank	#139	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#24	Key-value stores
	#65	Relational DBMS

Website

cassandra.apache.org

impala.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access

rdf4j.org

www.tarantool.io

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access

rdf4j.org/documentation

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2008

2013

1992

2004

2008

Current release

5.0-rc1, July 2024

4.1.0, June 2022

1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019

2.10.0, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Bundled with Microsoft Office

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Windows

Not a real database server, but making use of DLLs

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

but not compliant to any SQL standard

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Open binary protocol

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET

Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

yes

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

Triggers

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

yes

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding

none

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

selectable replication factor

none

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Eventual Consistency

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

but no files for transaction logging

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, cooperative multitasking

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

but no files for transaction logging

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes, write ahead logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

a simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metrics

Apache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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