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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SQream DB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SQream DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSQream DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embedded key-value store for Go.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchFully managed big data interactive analytics platforma GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloads
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.80
Rank#215  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score0.46
Rank#265  Overall
#22  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#224  Overall
#103  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­boltdb/­boltgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorersqream.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.sqream.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaSpotifyMicrosoftSQream Technologies
Initial release20132013201420192017
Current release4.1.0, June 2022cloud service with continuous releases2022.1.6, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++GoJavaC++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, Scala
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes, ANSI Standard SQL Types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infovia Elasticsearchall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGo.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions in Python
Triggersnononoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal and vertical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache ImpalaBoltDBHeroicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSQream DB
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