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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Datomic vs. Heroic vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Datomic vs. Heroic vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embedded key-value store for Go.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­boltdb/­boltwww.datomic.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.datomic.comspotify.github.io/­heroicsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCognitectSpotifySurrealDB Ltd
Initial release20132013201220142022
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.0.6735, June 2023v1.1.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoJava, ClojureJavaRust
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infovia Elasticsearch
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnononoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIHQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGoClojure
Java
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infoTransaction Functionsno
TriggersnonoBy using transaction functionsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnonoyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Apache ImpalaBoltDBDatomicHeroicSurrealDB
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