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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. Heroic

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. Heroic

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embedded key-value store for Go.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­boltdb/­boltwww.datomic.comdgraph.iogithub.com/­spotify/­heroic
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.datomic.comdgraph.io/­docsspotify.github.io/­heroic
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCognitectDgraph Labs, Inc.Spotify
Initial release20132013201220162014
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.0.6735, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoJava, ClojureGoJava
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearch
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnononono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGoClojure
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infoTransaction Functionsnono
TriggersnonoBy using transaction functionsnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSynchronous replication via Raftyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnonono infoPlanned for future releases

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More resources
Apache ImpalaBoltDBDatomicDgraphHeroic
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