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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Blazegraph vs. CockroachDB vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Blazegraph vs. CockroachDB vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgblazegraph.comwww.cockroachlabs.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldorientdb.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwiki.blazegraph.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaBlazegraphCockroach LabsGoogleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release20132006201520142010
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.1.5, March 201923.1.1, May 20232.1.12, February 20173.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaGoJavaScriptJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesschema-freedynamic schemayesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoRDF literal typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSPARQL is used as query languageyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
JDBCTinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
JavaScript.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesnonoJava, Javascript
TriggersnononoUsing read-only observersHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesMulti-source replication using RAFTnoneMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in Graphsyesyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)Role-based access controlnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
Apache ImpalaBlazegraphCockroachDBLovefieldOrientDB
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