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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BigchainDB vs. Neo4j vs. TiDB vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BigchainDB vs. Neo4j vs. TiDB vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBigchainDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopBigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assetsScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.79
Rank#212  Overall
#36  Document stores
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.bigchaindb.comneo4j.compingcap.comwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlbigchaindb.readthedocs.io/­en/­latestneo4j.com/­docsdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stablevertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaNeo4j, Inc.PingCAP, Inc.OpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20132016200720162005
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.19, April 20248.0.0, March 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL v3Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++PythonJava, ScalaGo, RustC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache LuceneyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyesFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
CLI Client
RESTful HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGo
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyes infovia event handlernoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes using Neo4j Fabrichorizontal partitioning (by key range)horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication factorCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Multi-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyes infowith TiSpark Connectorno infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infofull support since version 6.6yes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDByesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosyesUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaBigchainDBNeo4jTiDBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more
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