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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BigObject vs. Heroic vs. PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BigObject vs. Heroic vs. PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBigObject  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAnalytic DBMS for real-time computations and queriesTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoa hierachical model (tree) can be imposedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#329  Overall
#146  Relational DBMS
Score0.46
Rank#265  Overall
#22  Time Series DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgbigobject.iogithub.com/­spotify/­heroicwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.bigobject.iospotify.github.io/­heroicwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaBigObject, Inc.SpotifyPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer8Kdata
Initial release2013201520141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2016
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaCJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux infodistributed as a docker-image
OS X infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Windows infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
fluentd
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceLuanouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoautomatically between fact table and dimension tablesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoRead/write lock on objects (tables, trees)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaBigObjectHeroicPostgreSQLToroDB
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