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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSNative XML DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.84
Rank#135  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgbasex.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasespark.apache.org/­sqlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.basex.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaBaseX GmbHMicrosoftApache Software FoundationOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20132007201020141998
Current release4.1.0, June 202210.7, August 2023V123.5.0 ( 2.13), September 202311 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC++Scala
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infoXQuery supports typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesTransact SQLnoPL/SQL
Triggersnoyes infovia eventsyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanomultiple readers, single writerACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaBaseXMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSpark SQLTimesTen
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