DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. Couchbase vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. Couchbase vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Light-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.

A distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile database

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Native XML DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store

Key-value store

originating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.63
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.56
Rank	#141	Overall
	#4	Native XML DBMS

Score	16.74
Rank	#33	Overall
	#5	Document stores

Score	0.13
Rank	#330	Overall
	#45	Document stores

Website

impala.apache.org

basex.org

www.couchbase.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.basex.org

docs.couchbase.com

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

BaseX GmbH

Couchbase, Inc.

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2013

2007

2011

2019

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

11.2, August 2024

Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

BSD license

Open Source

Business Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also available

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

C, C++, Go and Erlang

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XQuery supports types

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use cases

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ

CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Functions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++

Triggers

yes

via events

yes

via the TAP protocol

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Automatic Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

Multi-source replication

including cross data center replication
Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

selectable on a per-operation basis

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

multiple readers, single writer

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Ephemeral buckets

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Users with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levels

User and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.

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