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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Badger vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Badger vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SpaceTime

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBadger  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embeddable, persistent, simple and fast Key-Value Store, written purely in Go.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#320  Overall
#47  Key-value stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#392  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­dgraph-io/­badgerwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlgodoc.org/­github.com/­dgraph-io/­badgerlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDGraph LabsMicrosoftMireo
Initial release2013201719892020
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGoC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionReal-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
Apache ImpalaBadgerMicrosoft SQL ServerSpaceTime
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