DBMS > Apache Impala vs. ArangoDB vs. Datomic vs. Redis vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. ArangoDB vs. Datomic vs. Redis vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Native multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments

Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies.

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

with RedisJSON
Graph DBMS

with RedisGraph
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

with RediSearch
Time Series DBMS

with RedisTimeSeries
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	3.32
Rank	#90	Overall
	#15	Document stores
	#5	Graph DBMS
	#12	Key-value stores
	#10	Search engines

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	157.80
Rank	#6	Overall
	#1	Key-value stores

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.arangodb.com

docs.datomic.com

docs.redis.com/latest/index.html
redis.io/docs

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

ArangoDB Inc.

Cognitect

Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo

Development sponsored by Redis Inc.

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2013

2012

2009

2000

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

3.11.5, November 2023

1.0.6735, June 2023

7.2.4, January 2024

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) available

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.

Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.

Implementation language

C++

Java, Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc.

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

automatically recognizes schema within a collection

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, boolean, list, hash

yes

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

with RediSearch module

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

with RediSQL module

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream

RESTful HTTP API

proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust

Clojure
Java

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

JavaScript

yes

Transaction Functions

Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github)

Triggers

By using transaction functions

publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

since version 2.0

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Source-replica replication with configurable replication factor

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Multi-source replication

with Redis Enterprise Pack
Source-replica replication

Chained replication is supported

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

can be done with stored procedures in JavaScript

through RedisGears

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

configurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases
Strong consistency with Redis Raft
Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl
LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise
Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption
Password-based authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

Consolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

ArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
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Licensing and pricing models

Very permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
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