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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Elasticsearch vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Elasticsearch vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgphoenix.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlphoenix.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software FoundationElasticPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2013201420101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20198.6, January 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functionsyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnonoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceHadoop integrationES-Hadoop Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesMemcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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Apache ImpalaApache PhoenixElasticsearchPostgreSQL
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