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DBMS > Apache Ignite vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Neo4j vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Ignite vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Neo4j vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Ignite  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.23
Rank#81  Overall
#10  Key-value stores
#44  Relational DBMS
Score2.56
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score47.91
Rank#20  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#176  Overall
#30  Document stores
#16  Graph DBMS
Websiteignite.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerneo4j.comsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationapacheignite.readme.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsneo4j.com/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGoogleNeo4j, Inc.SurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2015201720072022
Current release2.16.0, December 20235.23, August 2024v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++, Java, .NetJava, ScalaRust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsHDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)noyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
Triggersyes (cache interceptors and events)noyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes (replicated cache)Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)yes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yes, based on authentication and database rules
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IgniteGoogle Cloud SpannerNeo4jSurrealDB
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More resources
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Recent citations in the news

The Apache Software Foundation Announces Apache Ignite® 3.0
24 February 2025, GlobeNewswire

Critical Flaw in Apache Ignite (CVE-2024-52577) Allows Attackers to Execute Code Remotely
19 February 2025, GBHackers News

Critical Apache Ignite Vulnerability Let Attackers Execute Remote Code
19 February 2025, CybersecurityNews

Announcing the Ignite Summit 2025 Conference Schedule
20 February 2025, PR Newswire

Real-time in-memory OLTP and Analytics with Apache Ignite on AWS
14 May 2016, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

provided by Google News

Google Cloud Introduces HDD Tier for Spanner Database, Cutting Cold Storage Costs by 80%
22 March 2025, infoq.com

New features make Google's Spanner a database for AI
1 August 2024, TechTarget

Google Cloud adds graph and vector search features to Spanner database
2 August 2024, techzine.eu

Google Cloud adds graph processing to Spanner, SQL support to Bigtable
1 August 2024, InfoWorld

Google’s Plan to Make GCP ‘The Best Cloud for Machine Learning’
5 May 2025, SDx Central

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NASA jettisons Neo4j database for Memgraph citing costs
7 May 2025, theregister.com

Neo4j Brings Graph Analytics to Any Data Platform
14 May 2025, CDOTrends

Neo4j goes serverless, bringing graph analytics to any data source
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Latest Neo4j release aims to simplify graph technology
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Neo4j Launches Industry's First Graph Analytics Offering For Any Data Platform
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SurrealDB Launches Surreal Cloud, a Fully Managed Database Service That Tackles the Complexity Issues Faced by Developer Teams
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SurrealDB Empowers Developers to Build Applications with the Launch of SurrealDB University
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