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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. OpenSearch vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQL.JS vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. OpenSearch vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQL.JS vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonOpenSearch  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache LuceneWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLPort of SQLite to JavaScriptWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Search engineRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score16.03
Rank#37  Overall
#4  Search engines
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.63
Rank#241  Overall
#112  Relational DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orggithub.com/­opensearch-project
opensearch.org
www.postgresql.orgsql.js.orgwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designopensearch.org/­docs/­latestwww.postgresql.org/­docssql.js.org/­documentation/­index.htmlwww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsAmazon Web ServicesPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by othersDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release201220211989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20122000
Current release29.0.1, April 20242.5.0, January 202316.3, May 20243.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen SourceOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
  • STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaJavaCJavaScriptC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)server-less
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JavaScript APIADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby infoElasticsearch client
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScriptActionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a fileyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidOpenSearchPostgreSQLSQL.JSSQLite
Specific characteristicsOpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more
Competitive advantagesDistributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more
Typical application scenariosThe OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsThe OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

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3rd partiesAiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
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More resources
Apache DruidOpenSearchPostgreSQLSQL.JSSQLite
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